oxeye daisy
(Leucanthemum vulgare)
This species is Introduced in the United States
Native Range
Europe and western Asia
Appearance
Oxeye daisy is an herbaceous perennial growing 1–3 ft (30–90 cm) tall from shallow, short-spreading roots. Leaves are alternate with uneven lobed margins. Flower heads are typically 1–3 in (2½–7½ cm) in diameter with white outer ray florets and yellow inner disc florets. Seeds are cylindrical, ribbed, and have no pappus.
Impact
Oxeye daisy displaces native plant species, reduces forage production, and is a contaminant of certified seed crops. While not considered poisonous to livestock, it may impart a disagreeable taste and odor to the milk of dairy cows. It’s been shown to carry several crop diseases and is difficult to eradicate from lawns. This weed has also been documented causing contact dermatitis in people.
Reference
De Clerck-Floate, R.A., S. Stutz, and J. Littlefield. Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare): History and Ecology in North America. In: R.L. Winston, Ed. Biological Control of Weeds in North America. North American Invasive Species Management Association, Milwaukee, WI. NAISMA-BCW-2024-43-OXEYE DAISY-P. https://bugwoodcloud.org/resource/files/33581.pdf
Selected Images
Maps
EDDMapS Distribution - This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. For more information, visit www.eddmaps.org
State Lists - This map identifies those states that have this species on their invasive species list or law.
Invasive Listing Sources
- Alberta Weed Control Act
- California Invasive Plant Council
- Colorado Noxious Weeds
- Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council - Category 2
- Hoffman, R. & K. Kearns, Eds. 1997. Wisconsin manual of control recommendations for ecologically invasive plants. Wisconsin Dept. Natural Resources, Bureau of Endangered Resources. Madison, Wisconsin. 102pp.
- Idaho Noxious Weeds
- Invasive Plant Species of West Virginia
- Jil M. Swearingen, Survey of invasive plants occurring on National Park Service lands, 2000-2007
- John Randall, The Nature Conservancy, Survey of TNC Preserves, 1995.
- Kentucky Exotic Pest Plant Council - Significant Threat
- Montana Noxious Weeds
- National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Exotic Plant Management Team Invasive Plant List
- Native Plant Society of Oregon, 2008
- New Mexico Noxious Weeds
- Nonnative Invasive Species in Southern Forest and Grassland Ecosystems
- Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council, 1998
- Utah Noxious Weeds - Early Detection
- Washington Noxious Weeds
- WeedUS - Database of Plants Invading Natural Areas in the United States
- West Virginia Invasive Species Strategic Plan and Volunteer Guidelines 2014
- West Virginia Native Plant Society, Flora West Virginia Project, and West Virginia Curatorial Database System, September 3, 1999
- Wyoming Noxious Weeds
Taxonomic Rank
| Domain: Eukarya |
| Kingdom: Plantae |
| Phylum: Magnoliophyta |
| Class: Magnoliopsida |
| Superorder: Asteranae |
| Order: Asterales |
| Family: Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: Asteroideae |
| Tribe: Anthemideae |
| Subtribe: Leucantheminae |
| Genus: Leucanthemum |
| Leucanthemum vulgare |
Other System Links
Plants: LEVU
Bayer: CHYLE
GRIN: 104402
ITIS: 37903
NPDN Pest: PBFATBA
NPDN Host: 31564
Synonyms and Other Names
Other Common Names:
ox-eye daisy
Related Scientific Names:
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. (Synonym)
Leucanthemum leucanthemum (L.) Rydb. (Synonym)
References
Common Name Reference: USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Scientific Name Reference: USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.