freshwater golden clam
(Corbicula fluminea)
This species is Introduced in the United States
Origin
C. fluminea is native to Southeast Asia, Turkey, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, and Africa.
Life Cycle
C. fluminea lives in lakes, ponds, streams, and canals. Prefers flowing water with mixed mud-sand substrate but will inhabit rock and gravel substrates. Temperatures greater than 61 degrees F (16 degrees C) are needed for reproduction. These small freshwater clams are usually less than 1 in. (less than 2.5 cm) but can be up to 2.5 in. (6.5 cm) long. Larvae are microscopic and free-floating.
Distribution
In Canada, C. fluminea were found in the St. Lawrence River in Quebec in 2009 and in St. Clair River in Ontario in 2010. In the United States, C. fluminea are reported from the U.S. waters of Lakes Erie, Michigan and Superior, and present in 40 states.
Control Efforts
Mechanical control efforts include the use of screens and traps to remove adult clams from water systems. Hot water injected into pipes deters juvenile C. fluminea and increases water flow.
https://www.in.gov/dnr/files/Asiatic_Clam.pdf
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/wrd-ais-corbicula-fluminea_499879_7.pdf
C. fluminea is native to Southeast Asia, Turkey, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, and Africa.
Life Cycle
C. fluminea lives in lakes, ponds, streams, and canals. Prefers flowing water with mixed mud-sand substrate but will inhabit rock and gravel substrates. Temperatures greater than 61 degrees F (16 degrees C) are needed for reproduction. These small freshwater clams are usually less than 1 in. (less than 2.5 cm) but can be up to 2.5 in. (6.5 cm) long. Larvae are microscopic and free-floating.
Distribution
In Canada, C. fluminea were found in the St. Lawrence River in Quebec in 2009 and in St. Clair River in Ontario in 2010. In the United States, C. fluminea are reported from the U.S. waters of Lakes Erie, Michigan and Superior, and present in 40 states.
Control Efforts
Mechanical control efforts include the use of screens and traps to remove adult clams from water systems. Hot water injected into pipes deters juvenile C. fluminea and increases water flow.
https://www.in.gov/dnr/files/Asiatic_Clam.pdf
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/wrd-ais-corbicula-fluminea_499879_7.pdf
Resources
- Wikipedia - Wikimedia Foundation, Inc
- Global Invasive Species Database - Invasive Species Specialist Group
- Animal Diversity Web - University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database - U.S. Geological Survey
Selected Images
Maps
EDDMapS Distribution - This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. For more information, visit www.eddmaps.org
State Lists - This map identifies those states that have this species on their invasive species list or law.
Invasive Listing Sources
- Alberta Fisheries Act
- Apalachicola Invasive Working Group
- Everglades Cooperative Invasive Species Management Area
- Florida Invasive Species Partnership
- Idaho Invasive Species Act
- Injurious Wildlife in Hawaii
- Invasive Species of Concern in Georgia
- Maryland Invasive Species Council - Invasive Species of Concern in Maryland
- Mid-Atlantic Field Guide to Aquatic Invasive Species
- New Jersey Invasive Species Strike Team 2017 Invasive Species List
- New York Regulated and Prohibited Invasive Species - Prohibited
- Nonnative Invasive Species in Southern Forest and Grassland Ecosystems
- Ontario’s Invading Species Awareness Program Tracked Species List
- Pennsylvania's Field Guide to Aquatic Invasive Species
- Virginia Invasive Species Management Plan 2012
- West Virginia Invasive Species Strategic Plan and Volunteer Guidelines 2014
- Wisconsin's Invasive species rule – NR 40
Taxonomic Rank
| Domain: Eukarya |
| Kingdom: Animalia |
| Phylum: Mollusca |
| Class: Bivalvia |
| Subclass: Autobranchia |
| Infraclass: Heteroconchia |
| Superorder: Imparidentia |
| Order: Venerida |
| Superfamily: Cyrenoidea |
| Family: Cyrenidae |
| Genus: Corbicula |
| Corbicula fluminea |